Spring boot 集成netty实现websocket通信

一、netty介绍

Netty 是一个基于NIO的客户、服务器端的编程框架,使用Netty 可以确保你快速和简单的开发出一个网络应用,例如实现了某种协议的客户、服务端应用。Netty相当于简化和流线化了网络应用的编程开发过程,例如:基于TCP和UDP的socket服务开发。快速”和“简单”并不用产生维护性或性能上的问题。Netty 是一个吸收了多种协议(包括FTP、SMTP、HTTP等各种二进制文本协议)的实现经验,并经过相当精心设计的项目。最终,Netty 成功的找到了一种方式,在保证易于开发的同时还保证了其应用的性能,稳定性和伸缩性

二、工程搭建

实验目标:实现推送消息给指定的用户

pom.xml

    
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">    <parent>        <artifactId>springboot-demo</artifactId>        <groupId>com.et</groupId>        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>    </parent>    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<artifactId>netty</artifactId>
<properties> <maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target> </properties> <dependencies>
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency>
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-autoconfigure</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.netty</groupId> <artifactId>netty-all</artifactId> <version>4.1.87.Final</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId> <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId> <version>5.6.1</version> </dependency> </dependencies></project>

属性文件

    
server:  port: 8088

netty server

    
package com.et.netty.server;
import com.et.netty.config.ProjectInitializer;import io.netty.bootstrap.ServerBootstrap;import io.netty.channel.ChannelFuture;
import io.netty.channel.EventLoopGroup;import io.netty.channel.nio.NioEventLoopGroup;import io.netty.channel.socket.nio.NioServerSocketChannel;
import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;import javax.annotation.PreDestroy;import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
/** * @author dongliang7 * @projectName websocket-parent * @ClassName NettyServer.java * @description: TODO * @createTime 2023年02月06日 16:41:00 */@Componentpublic class NettyServer { static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(NettyServer.class);
/** * 端口号 */ @Value("${webSocket.netty.port:8889}") int port;
EventLoopGroup bossGroup; EventLoopGroup workGroup;
@Autowired ProjectInitializer nettyInitializer;
@PostConstruct public void start() throws InterruptedException { new Thread(() -> { bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); workGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(); ServerBootstrap bootstrap = new ServerBootstrap(); // bossGroup辅助客户端的tcp连接请求, workGroup负责与客户端之前的读写操作 bootstrap.group(bossGroup, workGroup); // 设置NIO类型的channel bootstrap.channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class); // 设置监听端口 bootstrap.localAddress(new InetSocketAddress(port)); // 设置管道 bootstrap.childHandler(nettyInitializer);
// 配置完成,开始绑定server,通过调用sync同步方法阻塞直到绑定成功 ChannelFuture channelFuture = null; try { channelFuture = bootstrap.bind().sync(); log.info("Server started and listen on:{}", channelFuture.channel().localAddress()); // 对关闭通道进行监听 channelFuture.channel().closeFuture().sync(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } }).start(); }
/** * 释放资源 */ @PreDestroy public void destroy() throws InterruptedException { if (bossGroup != null) { bossGroup.shutdownGracefully().sync(); } if (workGroup != null) { workGroup.shutdownGracefully().sync(); } }}

ProjectInitializer

初始化,设置websocket handler

    
package com.et.netty.config;
import com.et.netty.handler.WebSocketHandler;import io.netty.channel.ChannelInitializer;import io.netty.channel.ChannelPipeline;import io.netty.channel.socket.SocketChannel;import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpObjectAggregator;import io.netty.handler.codec.http.HttpServerCodec;import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.WebSocketServerProtocolHandler;import io.netty.handler.codec.serialization.ObjectEncoder;import io.netty.handler.stream.ChunkedWriteHandler;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/** * @author dongliang7 * @projectName websocket-parent * @ClassName ProjectInitializer.java * @description: 管道配置 * @createTime 2023年02月06日 16:43:00 */@Componentpublic class ProjectInitializer extends ChannelInitializer<SocketChannel> {
/** * webSocket协议名 */ static final String WEBSOCKET_PROTOCOL = "WebSocket";
/** * webSocket路径 */ @Value("${webSocket.netty.path:/webSocket}") String webSocketPath; @Autowired WebSocketHandler webSocketHandler;
@Override protected void initChannel(SocketChannel socketChannel) throws Exception { // 设置管道 ChannelPipeline pipeline = socketChannel.pipeline(); // 流水线管理通道中的处理程序(Handler),用来处理业务 // webSocket协议本身是基于http协议的,所以这边也要使用http编解码器 pipeline.addLast(new HttpServerCodec()); pipeline.addLast(new ObjectEncoder()); // 以块的方式来写的处理器 pipeline.addLast(new ChunkedWriteHandler()); pipeline.addLast(new HttpObjectAggregator(8192)); pipeline.addLast(new WebSocketServerProtocolHandler(webSocketPath, WEBSOCKET_PROTOCOL, true, 65536 * 10)); // 自定义的handler,处理业务逻辑 pipeline.addLast(webSocketHandler); }}

WebSocketHandler

    
package com.et.netty.handler;
import cn.hutool.json.JSONObject;import cn.hutool.json.JSONUtil;import com.et.netty.config.NettyConfig;import com.et.netty.server.NettyServer;import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandler;import io.netty.channel.ChannelHandlerContext;import io.netty.channel.SimpleChannelInboundHandler;import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.TextWebSocketFrame;import io.netty.util.AttributeKey;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/** * @author dongliang7 * @projectName websocket-parent * @ClassName WebSocketHandler.java * @description: TODO * @createTime 2023年02月06日 16:44:00 */@Component@ChannelHandler.Sharablepublic class WebSocketHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler<TextWebSocketFrame> { private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(NettyServer.class);
/** * 一旦连接,第一个被执行 */ @Override public void handlerAdded(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { log.info("有新的客户端链接:[{}]", ctx.channel().id().asLongText()); // 添加到channelGroup 通道组 NettyConfig.getChannelGroup().add(ctx.channel()); }
/** * 读取数据 */ @Override protected void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, TextWebSocketFrame msg) throws Exception { log.info("服务器收到消息:{}", msg.text());
// 获取用户ID,关联channel JSONObject jsonObject = JSONUtil.parseObj(msg.text()); String uid = jsonObject.getStr("uid"); NettyConfig.getChannelMap().put(uid, ctx.channel());
// 将用户ID作为自定义属性加入到channel中,方便随时channel中获取用户ID AttributeKey<String> key = AttributeKey.valueOf("userId"); ctx.channel().attr(key).setIfAbsent(uid);
// 回复消息 ctx.channel().writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame("服务器收到消息啦")); }
@Override public void handlerRemoved(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) throws Exception { log.info("用户下线了:{}", ctx.channel().id().asLongText()); // 删除通道 NettyConfig.getChannelGroup().remove(ctx.channel()); removeUserId(ctx); }
@Override public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) throws Exception { log.info("异常:{}", cause.getMessage()); // 删除通道 NettyConfig.getChannelGroup().remove(ctx.channel()); removeUserId(ctx); ctx.close(); }
/** * 删除用户与channel的对应关系 */ private void removeUserId(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) { AttributeKey<String> key = AttributeKey.valueOf("userId"); String userId = ctx.channel().attr(key).get(); NettyConfig.getChannelMap().remove(userId); }}

NettyConfig

    
package com.et.netty.config;
import io.netty.channel.Channel;import io.netty.channel.group.ChannelGroup;import io.netty.channel.group.DefaultChannelGroup;import io.netty.util.concurrent.GlobalEventExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
/** * @author dongliang7 * @projectName websocket-parent * @ClassName NettyConfig.java * @description: 管理全局Channel以及用户对应的channel(推送消息) * @createTime 2023年02月06日 16:43:00 */public class NettyConfig { /** * 定义全局单利channel组 管理所有channel */ private static volatile ChannelGroup channelGroup = null;
/** * 存放请求ID与channel的对应关系 */ private static volatile ConcurrentHashMap<String, Channel> channelMap = null;
/** * 定义两把锁 */ private static final Object lock1 = new Object(); private static final Object lock2 = new Object();

public static ChannelGroup getChannelGroup() { if (null == channelGroup) { synchronized (lock1) { if (null == channelGroup) { channelGroup = new DefaultChannelGroup(GlobalEventExecutor.INSTANCE); } } } return channelGroup; }
public static ConcurrentHashMap<String, Channel> getChannelMap() { if (null == channelMap) { synchronized (lock2) { if (null == channelMap) { channelMap = new ConcurrentHashMap<>(); } } } return channelMap; }
public static Channel getChannel(String userId) { if (null == channelMap) { return getChannelMap().get(userId); } return channelMap.get(userId); }}

controller

    
package com.et.netty.controller;
import com.et.netty.service.PushMsgService;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/** * @author dongliang7 * @projectName * @ClassName TestController.java * @description: TODO * @createTime 2023年02月06日 17:48:00 */@RestController@RequestMapping("/push")public class TestController { @Autowired PushMsgService pushMsgService;
/** * 推送消息到具体客户端 * @param uid */ @GetMapping("/{uid}") public void pushOne(@PathVariable String uid) { pushMsgService.pushMsgToOne(uid, "hello-------------------------"); }
/** * 推送消息到所有客户端 */ @GetMapping("/pushAll") public void pushAll() { pushMsgService.pushMsgToAll("hello all-------------------------"); }}

PushMsgService

package com.et.netty.service;
/** * @author dongliang7 * @projectName websocket-parent * @ClassName PushMsgService.java * @description: 推送消息接口 * @createTime 2023年02月06日 16:44:00 */public interface PushMsgService { /** * 推送给指定用户 */ void pushMsgToOne(String userId, String msg);
/** * 推送给所有用户 */ void pushMsgToAll(String msg);}

PushMsgServiceImpl

package com.et.netty.service;
import com.et.netty.config.NettyConfig;import io.netty.channel.Channel;import io.netty.handler.codec.http.websocketx.TextWebSocketFrame;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.Objects;
/** * @author dongliang7 * @projectName websocket-parent * @ClassName PushMsgServiceImpl.java * @description: 推送消息实现类 * @createTime 2023年02月06日 16:45:00 */@Servicepublic class PushMsgServiceImpl implements PushMsgService {
@Override public void pushMsgToOne(String userId, String msg) { Channel channel = NettyConfig.getChannel(userId); if (Objects.isNull(channel)) { throw new RuntimeException("未连接socket服务器"); }
channel.writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame(msg)); }
@Override public void pushMsgToAll(String msg) { NettyConfig.getChannelGroup().writeAndFlush(new TextWebSocketFrame(msg)); }}

文章值贴出部分关键代码,具体的详情代码参加代码仓库的netty模块

代码仓库

  • https://github.com/Harries/springboot-demo

三、测试

启动springboot工程

2024-03-08 11:21:32.975  INFO 10348 --- [       Thread-2] com.et.netty.server.NettyServer          : Server started and listen on:/0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:8889

postman创建websocket连接 ws://127.0.0.1:8889/webSocket,并发送消息{'uid':'sss'}给服务端打开浏览器,给用户sss推送消息 http://127.0.0.1:8088/push/sss 

四、引用

  • https://www.cnblogs.com/dongl961230/p/17099057.html

  • http://www.liuhaihua.cn/archives/710299.html

相关推荐

  • 内推 |【B站】风控策略算法实习生
  • 央企大数据平台架构发展趋势与应用场景
  • 评选报名中!2024年最值得关注的AIGC企业&产品评选,有料你就来 🥇
  • 她才是赶奥特曼下台的关键人物?OpenAI CTO劲爆大瓜
  • 40%算力训练效果比肩GPT-4,实测DeepMind联创大模型创业新成果
  • 她们正在影响AI进程
  • GPT-4王冠没掉!Claude 3竞技场人类投票成绩出炉:仅居第三
  • 懂AI PC的人要先拥抱新世界了 | 模力时代
  • 博士、博士后及研究助理招聘|港中文(深圳)贾奎教授,几何感知与智能实验室(Gorilla Lab)
  • 揭开Groq LPU神秘面纱:世界最快硬件加速器的底层架构设计!
  • 刚刚,OpenAI劲敌重磅发布Inflection-2.5!性能媲美GPT-4但计算量仅为40%,高情商应用Pi日活已破百万
  • 深扒Altman巨型AI帝国:从核聚变工厂到永生技术中心,规模惊人!
  • 全球AI人才报告曝光:清华第三,北大第六!硅谷40万人大裁员,码农地狱级面试12场
  • SpingBoot的5个扩展点,超级实用!
  • 「AI透视眼」,三次马尔奖获得者Andrew带队解决任意物体遮挡补全难题
  • 田渊栋等人新作:突破内存瓶颈,让一块4090预训练7B大模型
  • 挑战OpenAI的新模型免费上线,40%计算量性能逼近GPT-4
  • 驱动产学研深度融合,「未来高新视频智能技术中心创新联合体 」在快手揭牌
  • 清华姚班本科生连发两作,十年来最大改进:矩阵乘法接近理论最优
  • 阿里俞永福退出一线,天涯创始人称公司欠债约2亿